本帖最后由 liujueshen 于 2025-12-29 20:13 编辑
今天刚完成了通过NR连通NVR实现普通摄像机刷脸开门的项目，一边整理一边分享吧！
因为见到新购置带智能功能的NVR，可以用一般的摄像机就可以抓拍人用进行人面比对，而之前安装的海康门铃不是人面识别的，所以就想到能不能用来搞个人面识别开门呢？ 设计思路：先要做个门磁检测门的状态，如果门是开着的就不需要再进行开门的动作，另一个最重要的作用就是，要在关上门一定时间后才能进行下一次的开门，防止刚刚关上门又比对成功把门又打开。再用HA获取NVR上报的消息进行控制开门。 海康门铃自带有个门状态检测功能，如图：
门铃接线图
接上后打开门，可以在Hikvision Doorbell里看到这样的消息： 2025-12-29 16:37:26.431 | INFO | mqtt:video_intercom_alarm:468 - Alarm <sdk.hcnetsdk.NET_DVR_VIDEO_INTERCOM_ALARM_INFO_UNION object at 0x7fae65d6f5c0> detected on door 0 2025-12-29 16:37:26.432 | INFO | mqtt:handle_device_trigger:531 - Invoking device trigger automation{'name': 'door_not_closed_0', 'type': 'not closed', 'subtype': 'Door 1'} 证明门磁开关已经可以正常触发了，但要怎么样才能使用就要查一查资料了，在Hikvision Doorbell的文档里就有这方面的说明： NOTE: For some reason there is no "door not closed" device trigger, here is a workaround: https://community.home-assistant.io/t/hikvision-doorbell-videointercom-integration/532796/537 https://community.home-assistant.io/t/hikvision-doorbell-videointercom-integration/532796/2297? You can use a device trigger in an automation by using a trigger of type Device. Check out the Automating Home Assistant guide on automations or the Automation documentation for full details. 点开链接就可以看到关于这方面的解答： With this integration you can create trigger sensor that will be something like this:
- trigger: - platform: mqtt topic: hmd/device_automation/bell_outdoor_101/door_not_closed_0/state binary_sensor: - name: 'gate_door_exterior_status' unique_id: gate_door_exterior_status icon: mdi:door device_class: door state: > true attributes: last_event: "{{ now().isoformat()}}" @TokarevSergey correct, you have a event generated by the Intercom only when the the door contact is “open” and the event is only fired once ** when the door is open, but unfortunately there is no other (new) event when the door is closed after. Because of that I had to change the reed switch from a NO (normally open) to a NC (normally close ) and invert the behaviour. So, when the door is closed for the intercom is Open and that will allow a a new trigger since by open the door it will close the magnetic switch that will open again after close the phisical door and fire an new event. It is a bit tricky but it works very well… I have two physical ways to open it: a) Using a sonoff relay BasicRFR3 (modified to have a dry contact) b) The intercom relay than can be enable by the indoor station and/or HA
Here is the sensor final sensor code (if you only have the intercom relay delete the sonoff part)
# Sensor to check the real status of the Outside Door Gate - trigger: - platform: state entity_id: switch.sonoff_1000911d6f to: - 'on' - platform: state entity_id: switch.bell_outdoor_101_door_relay_0 to: - 'on' - platform: mqtt topic: hmd/device_automation/bell_outdoor_101/door_not_closed_0/state binary_sensor: - name: 'gate_door_exterior_status' unique_id: gate_door_exterior_status icon: mdi:door device_class: door state: > {% if trigger.platform == 'state' %} {% if trigger.to_state.entity_id == 'switch.sonoff_1000911d6f' or trigger.to_state.entity_id == 'switch.bell_outdoor_101_door_relay_0' %} true {% endif %} {% else %} false {% endif %} attributes: last_event: "{{ now().isoformat()}}" When the door closes the mqtt trigger will change the status to off by returning a false. 门铃的这个门磁感应开关是超时关门报警用的，逻辑是门磁断开5秒内关上门就不发消息，如果过了5秒还未关上门就发一个消息出来，那时候再关上门也没有其它的消息出来的，所以这样是不能获取到真正的关门状态的。所以要另外想办法解决，可以不用门铃的这个功能，另外加装一个门磁感应开关，但还是想着一定要利用这个开关可以有什么办法呢？上面贴子所讲的也是一个方法，把常闭转换成常开，但不能真正解决问题的，之前是不知道什么时候关了，转换后变为不知道什么时候开了。后来想到可以用这样的方法，利用单片机做一个脉冲开关，当门磁断开的时候，输出高电平，门铃会探测到感应断开，门磁合上的时候，输出低电平，门铃会探测到感应合上；当门磁断开10秒后还没有关上门，输出端输出一个500ms的低电平再变回高电平，每10秒就一个这样的循环，等于是不断通知还没关门，直到关上门为止，HA上可以增加一下虚拟开关，当MQTT接收到未关门这个消息就打开这个开关，可以设置一个时间，比如1分钟还没有收到消息就说明门已经关上，这个方法虽然在实时性不是太准确，但对这个实时性要求也不是很大，这个方法还算比较理想，实现起来也不难。买了一个STC8G的核心板，加一个转5V的三端稳压就可以了。
单片机程序： #include "STC8G.h"
sbit DOOR = P5^5; // 门磁输入 sbit OUT = P5^4; // 输出控制
unsigned char state = 0; // 0:门关, 1:高电平等待, 2:低电平脉冲 unsigned int timer = 0; // 计时器（10ms单位）
void Timer0_Init(void) { AUXR |= 0x80; // 1T模式 TH0 = (65536-20000)/256;// 10ms @24MHz (12分频) TL0 = (65536-20000)%256; TR0 = 1; ET0 = 1; EA = 1; }
void Timer0_ISR(void) interrupt 1 { timer++; }
void main(void) { // 初始化 // P5口配置：高阻输入改为准双向口（STC8G 需设置 P5M1/P5M0 寄存器） P5M1 = 0x20; // P5.4和P5.4引脚 M1=0 P5M0 = 0x20; // P5.4和P5.5引脚 M0=0 → 配置为标准准双向口 OUT = 0; // 初始输出低 Timer0_Init(); while(1) { if(DOOR == 0) // 门关 { state = 0; OUT = 0; timer = 0; } else // 门开 { if(state == 0) // 刚开门 { state = 1; OUT = 1; timer = 0; } else if(state == 1) // 高电平等待10秒 { OUT = 1; // 保持高电平 if(timer >= 1000) // 10秒到 { state = 2; OUT = 0; // 输出低电平脉冲 timer = 0; } } else if(state == 2) // 低电平脉冲500ms { OUT = 0; // 保持低电平 if(timer >= 50) // 500ms到 { state = 1; // 回到高电平等待 OUT = 1; // 恢复高电平 timer = 0; // 重新开始10秒计时 } } } } } 到现在门状态探测就解决了。
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