【Node-RED】树莓派Raspbian安装nodered，使用MQTT控制ESP_Easy开关

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【Node-RED】树莓派Raspbian安装nodered，使用MQTT控制ESP_Easy开关模块

#NODE-RED的安装很方便，写流程也很容易学。NODE-RED里面有MQTT服务器，不需要再配置mosquitto
#ESP_Easy固件自由度高，还能写自定义规则。

#1、首先准备树莓派Raspbian系统
#下载地址 https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspberry-pi-desktop/




#VBox新建虚拟机安装树莓派Raspbian系统

#安装完成建议备份一下初始化的快照

#安装VBox增强功能
#在终端输入代码安装

sudo sh /media/cdrom0/VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

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#安装后重启

reboot

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#更新软件包

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

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#NODE-RED在Raspberry Pi上运行 https://nodered.org/docs/getting-started/raspberrypi
#该脚本可在任何基于Debian的操作系统上使用，包括Ubuntu和Diet-Pi。

sudo apt-get install -y build-essential  curl libzmq3-dev
bash <(curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/node-red/linux-installers/master/deb/update-nodejs-and-nodered | sed "s@install -y nodejs 2@install -y nodejs npm 2@g")

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#安装npm8.16.2

sudo npm cache clean -f  
sudo npm install -g --unsafe-perm n
sudo n 8.16.2

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#查看版本号
node -v
npm  -v
#更新模块

#作为服务运行
#Pi的安装脚本还将其设置为作为服务运行。这意味着它可以在后台运行，并可以在启动时自动启动。

#提供了以下命令来使用该服务：

node-red-start #-这将启动Node-RED服务并显示其日志输出。按Ctrl-C或关闭窗口并不能停止服务; 它一直在后台运行
node-red-stop #-这将停止Node-RED服务
node-red-restart #-这将停止并重新启动Node-RED服务
node-red-log #-这显示服务的日志输出
#您也可以通过选择Menu -> Programming -> Node-RED菜单选项在Raspbian Desktop上启动Node-RED服务。

#启动时自动启动
#如果要在打开或重新启动Pi时运行Node-RED，可以通过运行以下命令使服务自动启动：

sudo systemctl enable nodered.service
sudo systemctl start nodered.service

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#要禁用该服务，请运行以下命令：

sudo systemctl stop nodered.service
sudo systemctl disable nodered.service

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#启动Node-RED服务后打开网页 http://192.168.2.209:1880
#右上角设置里面的节点设置安装2个节点模块：node-red-contrib-aedes 和 node-red-dashboard
#安装 Node-RED上的MQTT Broker服务器 https://flows.nodered.org/node/node-red-contrib-aedes
#安装 Node-RED的一组仪表板节点 https://flows.nodered.org/node/node-red-dashboard










#2、首先准备ESP8266模块，新手建议使用NodeMCU+面包板来调试设备





#ESP8266-NodeMCU、ESP01S的GPIO

#下载ESPEasy最新版 https://github.com/letscontrolit/ESPEasy/releases
#刷机的教程看 https://www.jianshu.com/p/2401939de793 这里不再详细叙述（NodeMCU接USB装好驱动运行软件一键刷机，我使用ESP_Easy_mega-20191123_normal_ESP8266_1M）
#刷机重启后，接入ESP_Easy_0的WIFI，密码：configesp
#浏览器打开192.168.4.1设置网络

#完成网络设置后找到ESP8266模块的IP进入下一步设置： http://192.168.2.46/



#设置设备的单位名称（可按需自定义修改）：ESP_Easy



#设置设备的MQTT，注意设置要和Node-RED里面的Mosca MQTT broker节点配置保持一致（192.168.2.209是Node-RED的服务器）



#设置设备的开关或其他外部传感器
#三个红圈的名称设定是关联Node-RED的配置
#GPIO-12 (D6)是控制的开关，当MQTT收到命令就会在GPIO-12 (D6)输出3.3V电压（GPIO-12 (D6)和GND地线形成回路才有电压），这里接入继电器就能作为一个开关。

# 买设备刷第三方固件使用参考：控客小K刷入espeasy  https://bbs.hassbian.com/thread-2621-1-1.html
# 买设备刷第三方固件使用参考：SONOFF RF 刷入ESPEASY https://bbs.hassbian.com/thread-1769-1-1.html
# DIY开关设备使用参考：这里使用三个NEC UD2-3NU继电器来控制风扇的三个风速挡位。（继电器替换开关前注意测量电压电流是否会超继电器的负载）https://bbs.hassbian.com/thread-502-1-1.html



# NEC UD2-3NU继电器工作原理


#3、接下来设置Node-RED里面的流程配置

#打开网页 http://192.168.2.209:1880



#右上角设置 - 导入 以下代码即可获得流程

[{"id":"4144fda5.a24df4","type":"tab","label":"NODE-RED ESP_Easy","disabled":false,"info":""},{"id":"d5769307.2a8d2","type":"mqtt in","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"","topic":"ESP_Easy/DeviceName/ValueName","qos":"2","datatype":"auto","broker":"17b24401.fe3b9c","x":220,"y":360,"wires":[["6cf7075c.fa6b08"]]},{"id":"f3573895.ba88e8","type":"mqtt out","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"","topic":"","qos":"","retain":"","broker":"17b24401.fe3b9c","x":610,"y":60,"wires":[]},{"id":"2cb15f66.f5ad2","type":"inject","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"On","props":[{"p":"payload"},{"p":"topic","vt":"str"}],"repeat":"","crontab":"","once":false,"onceDelay":"","topic":"ESP_Easy/GPIO/12","payload":"1","payloadType":"str","x":130,"y":60,"wires":[["f3573895.ba88e8","e0a9cb51.a4ede8"]]},{"id":"f3a17e58.9b4b2","type":"inject","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"Off","props":[{"p":"payload"},{"p":"topic","vt":"str"}],"repeat":"","crontab":"","once":false,"onceDelay":"","topic":"ESP_Easy/GPIO/12","payload":"0","payloadType":"str","x":130,"y":140,"wires":[["f3573895.ba88e8","e0a9cb51.a4ede8"]]},{"id":"bbca5ac9.f85e28","type":"http in","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"","url":"/on","method":"get","upload":false,"swaggerDoc":"","x":140,"y":220,"wires":[["55b2774f.190518"]]},{"id":"e0a9cb51.a4ede8","type":"debug","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"","active":true,"tosidebar":true,"console":false,"tostatus":false,"complete":"payload","targetType":"msg","x":630,"y":180,"wires":[]},{"id":"122c9e93.8c1861","type":"http in","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"","url":"/off","method":"get","upload":false,"swaggerDoc":"","x":130,"y":280,"wires":[["4b30fc1a.113b34"]]},{"id":"55b2774f.190518","type":"change","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"","rules":[{"t":"set","p":"topic","pt":"msg","to":"ESP_Easy/GPIO/12","tot":"str"},{"t":"set","p":"payload","pt":"msg","to":"1","tot":"str"}],"action":"","property":"","from":"","to":"","reg":false,"x":300,"y":220,"wires":[["e0a9cb51.a4ede8","f3573895.ba88e8"]]},{"id":"4b30fc1a.113b34","type":"change","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"","rules":[{"t":"set","p":"topic","pt":"msg","to":"ESP_Easy/GPIO/12","tot":"str"},{"t":"set","p":"payload","pt":"msg","to":"0","tot":"str"}],"action":"","property":"","from":"","to":"","reg":false,"x":300,"y":280,"wires":[["e0a9cb51.a4ede8","f3573895.ba88e8"]]},{"id":"6cf7075c.fa6b08","type":"ui_switch","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"","label":"开关转换","tooltip":"","group":"98e7b38a.ecbcd","order":4,"width":0,"height":0,"passthru":false,"decouple":"true","topic":"ESP_Easy/GPIO/12","style":"","onvalue":"1","onvalueType":"str","onicon":"","oncolor":"","offvalue":"0","offvalueType":"str","officon":"","offcolor":"","x":440,"y":360,"wires":[["f3573895.ba88e8"]]},{"id":"3ea7759a.7579ca","type":"aedes broker","z":"4144fda5.a24df4","name":"","mqtt_port":1883,"mqtt_ws_port":"1882","cert":"","key":"","certname":"","keyname":"","dburl":"","usetls":false,"x":810,"y":60,"wires":[[]]},{"id":"17b24401.fe3b9c","type":"mqtt-broker","name":"","broker":"localhost","port":"1883","clientid":"","usetls":false,"compatmode":true,"keepalive":"60","cleansession":true,"birthTopic":"","birthQos":"0","birthPayload":"","closeTopic":"","closePayload":"","willTopic":"","willQos":"0","willPayload":""},{"id":"98e7b38a.ecbcd","type":"ui_group","name":"Default","tab":"78fe9673.6784f8","order":1,"disp":true,"width":"6","collapse":false},{"id":"78fe9673.6784f8","type":"ui_tab","name":"Home","icon":"dashboard","disabled":false,"hidden":false}]

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# 这个流程有手动测试开关，有web的UI开关，有http地址开关。
# Mosca MQTT broker节点 是MQTT服务器不需要连线



# 关于MQTT订阅和发布状态的主题：注意这里的主题开头是没有“ /” 的，有的教程有“ /”，只要改为匹配就行

#步骤2设置ESP8266模块的单位名称【ESP_Easy】就是上图的【%sysname%】
#这里说明这个设备只接收【ESP_Easy/】开头的MQTT里面的主题

#当ESP8266模块接收到MQTT里面的主题：【ESP_Easy/GPIO/12】；消息：【1】时，ESP8266模块就会在GPIO-12 (D6)输出3.3V电压（ON）
#当ESP8266模块接收到MQTT里面的主题：【ESP_Easy/GPIO/12】；消息：【0】时，ESP8266模块就会停止GPIO-12 (D6)的输出（OFF）

#当ESP8266模块改变GPIO-12 (D6)的状态，会在MQTT服务器发表主题：【ESP_Easy/DeviceName/ValueName】的消息
#上图的【%tskname%】就是步骤2设置的【DeviceName】
#上图的【%valname%】就是步骤2设置的【ValueName】
#这里 ESP_Easy/DeviceName/ValueName 的 ESP_Easy/



#编辑inject节点：我这里是作为一个手动测试开关，其实这个inject节点可以作为定时器使用，可以按需设置



#编辑http in节点：我这里是作为一个http开关（浏览器打开这个地址就会执行，类似hookapi），打开地址 http://192.168.2.209:1880/on 执行on流程，可以按需设置



#编辑change节点：这里是作为一个http开关流程的一个中间件，用来定义准备发送MQTT的主题和消息，【topic】为主题，可以按需设置



#这个是Node-RED的一组仪表板节点 https://flows.nodered.org/node/node-red-dashboard
#编辑switch节点：这个是一个网页开关打开 http://192.168.2.209:1880/ui 即可控制，里面的主题【topic】：【ESP_Easy/GPIO/12】是对应GPIO-12 (D6)，可以按需设置
#这里的开关也可以接收状态，需要在节点前面添加一个MQTT订阅来更新最新状态，注意要设置ESP8266模块里面的数据采集间隔设置。



#编辑mqtt in节点：这个节点是接收ESP8266模块发布的状态，当收到数据就会转发数据到下一个节点。


#4、更多高级玩法
#ESP Easy 实现更多有意思的使用实例
#Domoticz查看温湿度 https://www.jianshu.com/p/2401939de793
#Node-RED的UI模块中看温湿度 https://diyprojects.io/esp-easy- ... board/#.XdpGZegzbhU
#使用node-red实现自动化 https://bbs.hassbian.com/forum.p ... =174&highlight=NODE

# 看完上面的教程，估计大家对MQTT的主题和消息的发送接收有一定认识了，很多外部传感器都是这样设定，举一反三即可。

# 射频遥控改造ESP8266模块控制 https://bbs.hassbian.com/thread-1081-1-1.html

# 上面教程的思路就是把遥控开关接入UD2-3NU继电器，但是这些都是【点动开关】需要触发后断开，这里就要用到ESP Easy高级玩法，写自定义规则脚本。
# ESP Easy自定义规则脚本的官方教程 https://www.letscontrolit.com/wi ... _Rules#Introduction

#开启方法如图：Tools -- Advanced Settings -- Rules √



#这里脚本的意思是当开关DeviceName开启时，一秒内马上关闭GPIO-12 (D6)，可以按需修改

on DeviceName#ValueName=1 do
  timerSet,1,1
  gpio,12,0
endon

on Rules#Timer=1 do
if [DeviceName#ValueName]=1
  gpio,12,0
endif
endon

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# 如果射频是不加密的可以把315/433射频的改造为ESP8266模块控制 https://bbs.hassbian.com/forum.p ... 6960&highlight=node
# 上面教程的思路是直接获取射频的数据，等需要时根据流程激活射频，适合一些能射频学习复制的设备。

hass.io

ESP_Easy的配置页面是英文的，但可用浏览器的即时翻译功能来进行汉化。

llyywda

大佬帮忙看看这是咋回事，我去目录里找了也没有找到这个文件。RED安装完毕后可以启动，但是浏览器打不开，运行日志我也没找到。大哭%>_<%

我我

llyywda

莫名其妙的重装了一遍居然成功了。。。