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标题: 【zigbee版】通过脉冲计数读燃气表，将使用量接入HA [打印本页]

作者: Fable 时间: 2023-2-14 06:59
标题: 【zigbee版】通过脉冲计数读燃气表，将使用量接入HA
看到论坛上有大佬把燃气使用量接入HA的，自己也想试试，但是发现都是使用Wi-Fi协议的，没有zigbee的，于是就开始尝试了。
最开始选用zigbee是想用电池供电，且燃气表的位置Wi-Fi信号不是很好，并且已经有zigbee网络。

想用电池的话，Wi-Fi模块那个功耗，就算是深度休眠，也顶不住燃气使用高峰时的频繁上报，肯定不太行，寻思着zigbee休眠的功耗极低，之前也尝试过电池供电的光照传感器，没啥问题，却没想到光电传感器模块耗电量太大了，因为是要全天计量，也不能让传感器休眠，最后还是用常电了
总的来说，既然都要接常电，还是用esp8266（32）接入来的方便简单成本低，zigbee版适用于家里已经有zigbee网关，并搭建了z2m（ZHA的quirk太难写了，会写的也可以试试）的小伙伴。

前置知识
zigbee固件烧录方法
z2m基础使用方法

使用到的硬件
CC2530模块（如XL2530-D01）也可以用Ebyte的zigbeb开发板
顺便说一下XL2530-D01的引脚是1.27mm的
烧录器（ccdebugger/SmartRF04E）也有看到有教程用esp8266来烧录，但是身边没有esp模块就没有尝试，感兴趣的小伙伴可以尝试一下
光电传感器（小车寻迹模块）（如 TCRT5000）
合适的电源转换器（模块）用开发版的话直接USB供电就可以

接线
把光电传感器的数字输出连接到CC2530模块上的P1.4（用于脉冲计数）和P1.5（用于外部唤醒，可不接，原本为电池供电准备的）
如不接P1.5，则60秒上报一次数据，接P1.5则感应到脉冲时立即上报
推荐接上外部唤醒，方便HA里去抖动

固件
由于最后使用了常电，所以配置成了路由器，可以中继zigbee网络
固件使用ptvo配置而成
z2m转换文件由ptvo生成

[attach]45335[/attach]

z2m
烧录好固件后，模块会自动进入配对模式，在z2m中打开允许配对

HA部分
z2m会在HA中自动发现
脉冲计数开和关分别算一次，在HA要做好过滤。
我的处理是设置了一个定时器
在5秒内多次计数只会算作一次
自动化的yaml（仅供参考）

alias: 燃气自动计量
description: ""
trigger:
- platform: state
entity_id:
- sensor.ran_qi_ji_shu_qi_l4
condition:
- condition: state
entity_id: timer.ran_qi_qu_dou_dong_ji_shi_qi
state: idle
action:
- service: timer.start
data: {}
target:
entity_id: timer.ran_qi_qu_dou_dong_ji_shi_qi
- service: input_number.increment
data: {}
target:
entity_id: input_number.gas
mode: single

复制代码

图形化
[attach]45336[/attach]

思路就是脉冲计数有变化，并且计时器处于空闲状态，就启动计时器，并增加燃气使用量
如果5秒内多次变化，会因为计时器处于激活状态而不触发自动化
计时器设定多久取决于燃气表转的速度
另外，也有看到通过模拟输出的电压来判断是否计数的帖子，但是这次买的模块没有带模拟输出，就暂时没有实验，固件也还没有配置读取模拟输出，之后有机会再加上。

效果图
[attach]45337[/attach]

[attach]45338[/attach]

[attach]45339[/attach]

最后
稍微说一下ZHA和z2m
一开始尝试zigbee的时候，选用的ZHA集成，确实方便，插上协调器，自动发现，舒服。渐渐的就发现问题了，一些偏离zigbee标准的设备，似乎在ZHA上支持的不是很好，比如aqara的单火开关不能设置快速响应模式，涂鸦光感门磁缺失光照数据等。
然后一些DIY设备原生不支持，想要写quirk，好家伙会一点python的我看完教程一脸懵逼，不会js的我看完z2m的drive的写法，都能明白个大概，开始调试或自己写。
在我看来ZHA适用于遵守zigbee协议的zigbee设备，在标准集群上的功能使用起来十分良好。而z2m适配的设备很多，偏离标准的设备或DIY的设备也能通过较为好理解的js文件添加支持。

以上

参考帖子
【学习-记录-分享】燃气DIY篇2-巧读天然气表
燃气表末位字轮数字 0上的贴片的作用是什么

作者: bugensui 时间: 2023-2-14 11:31
大佬，z2m和zigbee2mqtt是一个东西吗。是不是得配置mqtt服务才能用z2m

作者: ciasdmxhxjjpd@c 时间: 2023-2-14 13:14
本帖最后由 ciasdmxhxjjpd@c 于 2023-2-14 13:24 编辑

bugensui 发表于 2023-2-14 11:31
大佬，z2m和zigbee2mqtt是一个东西吗。是不是得配置mqtt服务才能用z2m

cc2530 的带usb的开发版，刷 zigbee2mqtt 固件。
https://www.jianshu.com/p/bd6448bafcf9

作者: neighbour 时间: 2023-2-14 15:02
唉，我用了最傻的方式。百度AI图像识别。免费的份额勉强够用。

作者: iamhyde 时间: 2023-2-14 16:28
666,还有zigbee开发板玩,ptvo做省电版固件貌似收费?

作者: idaniel 时间: 2023-2-14 18:17
666，逆向工程！！牛！

作者: justion 时间: 2023-2-14 20:11

neighbour 发表于 2023-2-14 15:02
唉，我用了最傻的方式。百度AI图像识别。免费的份额勉强够用。

那岂不是要安装一个摄像头对着表？然后定时拍照识别？

作者: Fable 时间: 2023-2-14 20:37

bugensui 发表于 2023-2-14 11:31
大佬，z2m和zigbee2mqtt是一个东西吗。是不是得配置mqtt服务才能用z2m

z2m就是zigbee2mqtt的简称
是需要mqtt服务
可以直接一个docker compose把两个服务拉起来，很方便
z2m官网有docker的相关文档可以看一下https://www.zigbee2mqtt.io/guide ... _docker.html#docker

作者: Fable 时间: 2023-2-14 20:41

neighbour 发表于 2023-2-14 15:02
唉，我用了最傻的方式。百度AI图像识别。免费的份额勉强够用。

摄像头用的什么方案呢，有看过esp-cam的方案，还能读水表

作者: Fable 时间: 2023-2-14 20:44

iamhyde 发表于 2023-2-14 16:28
666,还有zigbee开发板玩,ptvo做省电版固件貌似收费?

ptvo要配置省电确实收费，免费版做一些小玩意也是够用的
但是对于市面上没有卖的，需要DIY符合自己需求的设备来说，还是很值的

作者: bugensui 时间: 2023-2-14 21:51
本帖最后由 bugensui 于 2023-2-14 21:52 编辑

neighbour 发表于 2023-2-14 15:02
唉，我用了最傻的方式。百度AI图像识别。免费的份额勉强够用。

提供图片提取关键部位的ocr确实不难，百度有接口，问题是，燃气表一般在橱柜里，怎么定时拍照呢，图片解析倒是简单，还有，我想不明白，燃气公司是怎么远程抄表的，我们能直接获取他的get数据不，燃气表，应该是不联网的，而且都没有接通电源线，貌似是安装的电池

作者: bugensui 时间: 2023-2-14 21:53

Fable 发表于 2023-2-14 20:37
z2m就是zigbee2mqtt的简称
是需要mqtt服务
可以直接一个docker compose把两个服务拉起来，很方便

谢谢大佬

作者: Fable 时间: 2023-2-14 23:56

bugensui 发表于 2023-2-14 21:53
谢谢大佬

不是大佬就刚入门zigbee的萌新

作者: mobility 时间: 2023-2-15 15:02

neighbour 发表于 2023-2-14 15:02
唉，我用了最傻的方式。百度AI图像识别。免费的份额勉强够用。

你好！我的燃气表，没有反光片，无法使用光反射来取数，请问你可以发些资料给我吗？我也想用百度的ai识图。谢谢！

作者: gx19970920 时间: 2023-2-16 19:24
大佬牛逼，收藏了，放假时候做一个

作者: 智定义 时间: 2023-2-19 10:12
在配置里添加了js文件，但添加设备后显示不支持，也没有暴露任何数据，请问大佬是怎么弄的

作者: 智定义 时间: 2023-2-19 10:17
在配置中添加了转义js文件，添加设备后显示不支持，也没有数据及实体，请问大佬是怎么弄

作者: neighbour 时间: 2023-2-23 11:41

justion 发表于 2023-2-14 20:11
那岂不是要安装一个摄像头对着表？然后定时拍照识别？

用的一个小方块模组150块钱。有抓图http cgi接口。用nr的http get就能获取jpg

作者: neighbour 时间: 2023-2-23 11:42

Fable 发表于 2023-2-14 20:41
摄像头用的什么方案呢，有看过esp-cam的方案，还能读水表

esp-cam ov2640 效果太崩溃了。我之前也想用它弄水表了。就算是补光效果还是太差！

作者: neighbour 时间: 2023-2-23 11:46

bugensui 发表于 2023-2-14 21:51
提供图片提取关键部位的ocr确实不难，百度有接口，问题是，燃气表一般在橱柜里，怎么定时拍照呢，图片解 ...

我们家那边燃气公司也是用的NBIOT 的ocr方式每3天半夜两点拍照。我弄得一个小的摄像头模组3*3*3cm. 2.8mm焦距。燃气公司万智生活家，理论上也可以获取但是频率太低

作者: neighbour 时间: 2023-2-23 11:49
本帖最后由 neighbour 于 2023-2-23 11:57 编辑

mobility 发表于 2023-2-15 15:02
你好！我的燃气表，没有反光片，无法使用光反射来取数，请问你可以发些资料给我吗？我也想用百度的ai识 ...

[attach]45601[/attach]
我的气表字体特殊。百度识别准确性拫差。如果只识别四位的话会提高准确性

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a=msg.payload\nvar b=a/100\nif (b<5000&&b>4000&&(b-global.get('rqls')<30&&(b-global.get('rqls'))>0))\n{\n msg.payload=b\n}\nelse\n{\nmsg.payload=global.get('rqls')\n \n}\n\nreturn msg;","outputs":1,"noerr":0,"initialize":"","finalize":"","libs":[],"x":515,"y":1330,"wires":[["6ba60ff7.3892f"]]},{"id":"6ba60ff7.3892f","type":"function","z":"8e99b4b40fc27c69","name":"数据比较","func":"var a=msg.payload\nvar rqls=global.get('rqls')\nif (a>=rqls)\n{\n msg.payload=a\n global.set('rqls',a)\n}\nelse\n{\nmsg.payload=global.get('rqls')\n \n}\n\nreturn msg;","outputs":1,"noerr":0,"initialize":"","finalize":"","libs":[],"x":670,"y":1330,"wires":[[]]},{"id":"d13dd6b7.2a4d38","type":"inject","z":"8e99b4b40fc27c69","name":"周末白天","props":[{"p":"payload"},{"p":"topic","vt":"str"}],"repeat":"","crontab":"0 7-18 * * 6,0","once":false,"onceDelay":0.1,"topic":"","payloadType":"date","x":130,"y":1080,"wires":[[]]},{"id":"9163a683.d762e8","type":"ONVIF 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form"},{"name":"w","type":"num","required":true,"hint":"the width of the crop region"},{"name":"h","type":"num","required":true,"hint":"the height of the crop region"}]},"x":685,"y":1180,"wires":[["91b0ad17.8b417"]]},{"id":"91b0ad17.8b417","type":"jimp-image","z":"8e99b4b40fc27c69","name":"转灰度","data":"payload","dataType":"msg","ret":"b64","parameter1":"0.5","parameter1Type":"msg","parameter2":"","parameter2Type":"num","parameter3":"780","parameter3Type":"num","parameter4":"200","parameter4Type":"Blend","parameter5":"","parameter5Type":"msg","parameter6":"","parameter6Type":"msg","parameter7":"","parameter7Type":"msg","parameter8":"","parameter8Type":"msg","sendProperty":"payload","sendPropertyType":"msg","parameterCount":0,"jimpFunction":"greyscale","selectedJimpFunction":{"name":"greyscale","fn":"greyscale","description":"remove colour from the image","parameters":[]},"x":860,"y":1180,"wires":[["c3d70deb.132b"]]},{"id":"c3d70deb.132b","type":"image 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作者: neighbour 时间: 2023-3-4 14:20

mobility 发表于 2023-2-15 15:02
你好！我的燃气表，没有反光片，无法使用光反射来取数，请问你可以发些资料给我吗？我也想用百度的ai识 ...

刚发现一个便宜省事的方案
https://jomjol.github.io/AI-on-the-edge-device-docs/Installation/

作者: mobility 时间: 2023-3-6 08:46
本帖最后由 mobility 于 2023-3-8 09:14 编辑

[attach]46040[/attach]谢谢你提供的消息哦，总算是基本搞定了，花的时间最多的是反复测试如何固定设备，获得最佳效果的照片。。。

作者: haikuoyi 时间: 2023-3-25 23:27
插眼，插眼

作者: liujunmao 时间: 2023-7-1 16:03
很好、很强大，这个一定得支持！！！

作者: heiyangou 时间: 2024-7-31 15:50
先学习，感谢分享

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